Pediatrics (all articles)
Perspective | The other long Covid: the pandemic took young people’s present. What will it do to their future?
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:05h | UTC
RCT | Reducing social media use improves appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:04h | UTCSummary: The article discusses a randomized controlled trial conducted on 220 participants aged 17-25 to examine the effects of reducing smartphone social media use (SMU) on appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress. The participants were divided into an intervention group (limited to 1 hr/day SMU) and a control group (unrestricted SMU). The study found that reducing SMU improved appearance and weight esteem in the intervention group, while the control group showed no significant change. The authors concluded that reducing SMU may be a feasible and effective method of improving body image in a vulnerable youth population and should be evaluated as a potential component in treating body image-related disturbances. It is worth noting, however, that the impossibility of blinding participants and the subjective nature of the endpoints make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the subject.
News Release: Reducing social media use significantly improves body image in teens, young adults – American Psychological Association
Commentary: How to help young people limit screen time — and feel better about how they look – NPR
Maternal diabetes and overweight as risk factors for congenital heart defects in offspring – A nationwide register study from Finland
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:51h | UTCSummary: The study aimed to determine the association between maternal diabetes and overweight/obesity and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in offspring. The study analyzed data from all children born in Finland between 2006 and 2016 and their mothers. Maternal type 1 diabetes (T1DM) was found to be associated with a significantly increased risk for any CHD, with an odds ratio of 3.71, whereas maternal overweight and obesity were associated with only a slightly increased risk for complex defects and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Maternal diabetes was responsible for 3.0% of offspring’s CHD, while maternal overweight and obesity were responsible for 0.7%, indicating weaker associations between maternal overweight and obesity and CHD in the offspring than previously reported.
Commentary from the author on Twitter
Proudly presenting our preprint (thread):
Maternal diabetes and overweight as risk factors for congenital heart defects in offspring – A nationwide register study from Finland https://t.co/rFnlNYPrgn 1/7
— Emmi Helle (@EmmiHelle) February 27, 2023
SR | Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:47h | UTCInterventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis – Cochrane Library
Youth-onset type 2 diabetes: the epidemiology of an awakening epidemic
2 Mar, 2023 | 13:01h | UTCYouth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: The Epidemiology of an Awakening Epidemic – Diabetes Care
M-A | Thromboprophylaxis in patients with Fontan circulation
2 Mar, 2023 | 12:57h | UTCThromboprophylaxis in Patients With Fontan Circulation – Journal of the American College of Cardiology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Thromboprophylaxis in Patients With Fontan Circulation – American College of Cardiology
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
?Hot off the press?Read our new paper about #Thromboprophylaxis in patients with #Fontan #circulation just published in @JACCJournals@ACCinTouch.
Article link: https://t.co/eeu6kT7PDH— Jef Van den Eynde (@JefVandenEynde) January 23, 2023
RCT | Impact of supplementation with milk–cereal mix during 6–12 months of age on growth at 12 months in Delhi, India
2 Mar, 2023 | 12:50h | UTCCommentary: High-protein supplementation improves linear growth in infants – 2 Minute Medicine
Brief Review | Acute rheumatic fever: recent advances
2 Mar, 2023 | 12:41h | UTCAcute Rheumatic Fever: Recent Advances – The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal (free for a limited period)
Pediatric clinical practice adapted guidelines for management of nephrotic syndrome
1 Mar, 2023 | 14:01h | UTCPart 1: Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome
Part 2: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
IPNA Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome
1 Mar, 2023 | 13:59h | UTCRelated:
WHO Report | A woman dies every two minutes due to pregnancy or childbirth
28 Feb, 2023 | 14:04h | UTCSummary: This new report by United Nations agencies shows that a woman dies every two minutes due to pregnancy or childbirth. The report covers maternal deaths from 2000 to 2020 and reveals that maternal deaths either increased or stagnated in nearly all regions of the world, with some regions experiencing major setbacks. The poorest parts of the world and countries affected by conflict continue to have the highest rates of maternal deaths. Severe bleeding, high blood pressure, pregnancy-related infections, complications from unsafe abortion, and underlying conditions aggravated by pregnancy are the leading causes of maternal deaths, which are largely preventable and treatable with access to high-quality healthcare. The COVID-19 pandemic may have further held back progress on maternal health. The report calls for urgent action to ensure every woman and girl has access to critical health services before, during, and after childbirth, so they can fully exercise their reproductive rights.
News Release: A woman dies every two minutes due to pregnancy or childbirth: UN agencies – World Health Organization
Commentaries:
Ambitious goal to slash maternal deaths in jeopardy – Nature
U.N.: Progress on reducing global maternal mortality has stalled since 2015 – STAT
Eight Hundred Women Die Every Day During Pregnancy or Childbirth – Health Policy Watch
Brief Review | Congenital infections: priorities and possibilities for resource-limited settings
1 Mar, 2023 | 13:32h | UTCCongenital Infections: Priorities and Possibilities for Resource-limited Settings – The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal (free for a limited period)
Perspective | Gender dysphoria in young people is rising — and so is professional disagreement
28 Feb, 2023 | 13:55h | UTCGender dysphoria in young people is rising—and so is professional disagreement – The BMJ
News Release: Gender dysphoria is rising—and so is professional disagreement – BMJ Newsroom
Commentary on Twitter
More children and adolescents are identifying as transgender and are being offered medical treatment, especially in the US—but some providers and European authorities are urging caution because of a lack of strong evidence. @writingblock reports https://t.co/24aDMo7rb0
— The BMJ (@bmj_latest) February 26, 2023
RCT | 2-y outcomes confirm the harms caused by high prophylactic platelet transfusion thresholds in preterm infants
28 Feb, 2023 | 13:53h | UTCSummary: The study investigated the long-term outcomes of preterm infants who participated in a randomized trial of platelet transfusions at different threshold levels. Infants with platelet counts below 50×109/L were enrolled and randomized to either a higher threshold of 50×109/L or a lower threshold of 25×109/L. The study found that infants randomized to the higher threshold had a higher rate of death or significant neurodevelopmental impairment at a corrected age of 2 years compared to the lower threshold group. The study further supports evidence of harm caused by high prophylactic platelet transfusion thresholds in preterm infants. The mechanisms by which platelet transfusions could mediate harmful effects remain unknown, but the study identified increased rates of intraventricular hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the higher threshold group, which may contribute to the adverse outcomes observed.
Original Study: Randomized Trial: Platelet-Transfusion Thresholds in Neonates
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
We already knew from the @PlaNeT2_trial that a higher prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold (<50) in preterm babies is associated with significantly increased mortality or major bleeding compared with a lower one (<25)… https://t.co/pJrE44BIIx
— Carmel Moore (@carmelmoore) February 22, 2023
AAP Policy Statement | Crowding in the emergency department: challenges and recommendations for the care of children
28 Feb, 2023 | 13:50h | UTCTechnical Report: Crowding in the Emergency Department: Challenges and Best Practices for the Care of Children – Pediatrics
News Release: Crowding in the ED: AAP guidance offers solutions to complex problem – American Academy of Pediatrics
SR | Insufficient evidence to recommend Vitamin D as an adjunct to antibiotics for the treatment of acute childhood pneumonia
28 Feb, 2023 | 13:39h | UTC
The adult and pediatric palliative care: differences and shared issues
28 Feb, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC
Cross-sectional study | Risk factors for hearing loss at birth in newborns with congenital CMV infection
28 Feb, 2023 | 13:20h | UTCRisk Factors for Hearing Loss at Birth in Newborns With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Factors ID’d for Hearing Loss in Newborns With Congenital Cytomegalovirus – HealthDay
Commentaries on Twitter
Findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection and petechiae at birth, periventricular cysts on MRI, or a seroconversion in the first trimester had a higher risk of congenital hearing loss. https://t.co/csecGRFjug
— JAMA Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (@JAMAOto) January 3, 2023
A study in @JAMAOto examines the association of clinical independent risk factors and hearing loss in congenital CMV https://t.co/n0ScC6eMuB#EBNEOalerts #neoEBM #neotwitter pic.twitter.com/j1R5law7bo
— Evidence-Based Neo (@EBNEO) January 18, 2023
RCT | Tight glycemic control did not preserve pancreatic beta cell function in newly diagnosed pediatric type 1 diabetes
27 Feb, 2023 | 13:16h | UTCSummary: The study aimed to determine if intensive diabetes management with an automated insulin delivery system could help preserve pancreatic beta cell function in youth with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The randomized clinical trial included 113 youths aged 7 to 17 years and found that although the mean time in the target range of 70 to 180 mg/dL was 78% in the intensive management group vs. 64% in the standard care group, intensive diabetes management did not affect the decline in pancreatic C-peptide secretion at 52 weeks. The study concluded that near normalization of glucose levels instituted immediately after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes did not preserve pancreatic beta cell function in youth.
Article: Effect of Tight Glycemic Control on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Editorial: Preserving Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
Intensive diabetes management with automated insulin delivery did not affect the decline in pancreatic C-peptide secretion at 52 weeks in youths with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. https://t.co/e1n5xagrtv #ATTD2023 pic.twitter.com/C6743BmqyH
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) February 24, 2023
RCT | Verapamil partially preserved pancreatic beta cell function in newly diagnosed pediatric type 1 diabetes
27 Feb, 2023 | 13:14h | UTCSummary: The study aimed to determine whether verapamil could preserve pancreatic beta cell function in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The randomized clinical trial involved 88 participants who were given either verapamil or placebo once daily for 52 weeks. The study found that C-peptide levels were 30% higher in the verapamil group compared to the placebo group at 52 weeks, and the percentage of participants with a 52-week peak C-peptide level of 0.2 pmol/mL or greater was 95% in the verapamil group compared to 71% in the placebo group. The study also found that verapamil was well tolerated with few adverse events. The results suggest that verapamil may partially preserve stimulated C-peptide secretion in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. However, further studies with patient-relevant outcomes are needed to determine the long-term effectiveness and the optimal length of therapy.
Article: Effect of Verapamil on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Editorial: Preserving Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes – JAMA (free for a limited period)
News Release: Verapamil shows beneficial effect on the pancreas in children with newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes – University of Minnesota
Commentary on Twitter
In youth with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, verapamil partially preserved stimulated C-peptide secretion at 52 weeks from diagnosis compared with placebo. https://t.co/m4xbczf93C #ATTD2023 pic.twitter.com/teM0jjh1tT
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) February 24, 2023
Review | Diagnostic workup of childhood interstitial lung disease
27 Feb, 2023 | 12:50h | UTCDiagnostic workup of childhood interstitial lung disease – European Respiratory Review
Commentary on Twitter
ERR: Childhood interstitial lung diseases are rare and severe diseases. A stepwise approach to an aetiological diagnosis includes specific investigations performed in expert centres. The term “undefined chILD” must be regularly reassessed. https://t.co/C32b8QgS8I pic.twitter.com/Wq7iatPtTu
— ERS publications (@ERSpublications) February 26, 2023
Review | Management of gastrointestinal foreign bodies with brief review of the guidelines
24 Feb, 2023 | 13:36h | UTC
SR | The impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in pediatric emergency departments and primary care
24 Feb, 2023 | 13:20h | UTC
M-A | Low-dose insulin infusion is safe and effective in treating diabetic ketoacidosis in children
23 Feb, 2023 | 13:40h | UTCSummary: The article discusses a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing low-dose insulin at 0.05 units/kg/hr to standard dose at 0.1 units/kg/hr for children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The study found that low-dose insulin infusion is probably as efficacious and safer than standard-dose insulin in treating DKA in children, as it has no effect on the time to resolution of hyperglycemia or acidosis and probably reduces the risk of developing hypokalemia and hypoglycemia. However, the results are limited by imprecision and generalizability to other settings since all studies were performed in a single country. Therefore, further studies are required to identify the optimal insulin dose for children with DKA in terms of safety and effectiveness.
M-A | Disordered eating affects 1 in 5 children and adolescents
23 Feb, 2023 | 13:33h | UTCSummary: The text reports the findings of a systematic review and meta-analysis that included 32 studies on the global proportion of disordered eating in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years, assessed with the SCOFF questionnaire, a widely used screening measure for eating disorders. The review found that approximately 22% of children and adolescents showed disordered eating, which was higher among girls, older adolescents, and those with higher body mass index. The high figures are concerning from a public health perspective and highlight the need for prevention strategies to address disordered eating. The study has limitations, including the cross-sectional nature of most of the included studies and the use of self-report questionnaires to assess disordered eating, which may be subject to bias.
Article: Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)
Commentary: What is disordered eating? And why do 20% of the world’s kids show signs of it? Experts explain – CNN