Pediatrics (all articles)

Systematic Review: Diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination for dislocated hips in infants

28 Apr, 2024 | 16:52h | UTC

This systematic review assesses the diagnostic accuracy of clinical examinations in identifying dislocated hips in infants, using data from nine studies that compared clinical examinations to diagnostic ultrasound as the reference. The study involved 37,859 hips with a dislocation prevalence of 0.94%. The Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers showed a sensitivity of 46% and a specificity of 99.1%, with a positive likelihood ratio of 52, highlighting their effectiveness in predicting hip dislocation. Other methods such as limited hip abduction and a clicking sound were found to have minimal diagnostic utility. This evidence supports the clinical utility of specific maneuvers in early detection to prevent long-term complications.

Reference (link to abstract – $ for full-text):

Abhinav Singh et al. (2024). Does This Infant Have a Dislocated Hip? The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review. JAMA, Published online April 15, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2404

ERS statement on protracted bacterial bronchitis in children

11 Aug, 2023 | 15:32h | UTC

ERS statement on protracted bacterial bronchitis in children – European Respiratory Journal

Cohort Study | Younger age at hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnosis, male sex among predictors of developing LV systolic dysfunction

11 Aug, 2023 | 15:16h | UTC

Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Patients Diagnosed With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy During Childhood: Insights From the SHaRe Registry – Circulation

Commentary on Twitter

@sarahaboualaiwi and colleagues provide new #clinicalresearch; Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in #HCM diagnosed in childhood, Important insights into prevalence and prognosis from the SHaRe Registry #Circulation @sday_hcm @CSHeartResearch @tikuowens https://t.co/2TJ0XMe3B7 pic.twitter.com/o2mhcNjUfw

— Circulation (@CircAHA) June 2, 2023

USPSTF | Reaffirming the importance of folic acid to all women planning to or who could become pregnant to prevent neural tube defects

4 Aug, 2023 | 12:15h | UTC

Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement – JAMA

Evidence Report: Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force – JAMA

Patient Page: Folic Acid to Prevent Neural Tube Defects – JAMA

Commentary on Twitter

2023 Recommendation Statement from the USPSTF: all persons planning to or who could become pregnant should take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 μg) of folic acid (A recommendation). https://t.co/gdavbWyZZ7 pic.twitter.com/2PAjb0OCBO

— JAMA (@JAMA_current) August 1, 2023

M-A | Antenatal corticosteroid exposure linked to negative outcomes in term-born infants

4 Aug, 2023 | 11:59h | UTC

The proportions of term or late preterm births after exposure to early antenatal corticosteroids, and outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis of 1.6 million infants – The BMJ

Editorial: Antenatal corticosteroids and longer term outcomes – The BMJ

News Releases:

New studies shed more light on potential risks of antenatal steroids – BMJ Newsroom

Researchers find drugs that reduce infant death may lead to long-term health issues – McMaster University

Cohort Study | Antenatal corticosteroid exposure associated with increased incidence of pediatric serious infection

4 Aug, 2023 | 11:57h | UTC

Association between antenatal corticosteroids and risk of serious infection in children: nationwide cohort study – The BMJ

Editorial: Antenatal corticosteroids and longer term outcomes – The BMJ

M-A | Exploring perinatal interventions and their impact on severe intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates

4 Aug, 2023 | 11:56h | UTC

Interventions to Reduce Severe Brain Injury Risk in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Network Open

Commentary on Twitter

A meta-analysis by @DrAbdulRazak_MD & colleagues on perinatal interventions are associated with a reduction or increase of IVH and PVL #EBNEOalerts #neoEBM #neotwitter https://t.co/SPzNHwy3HD pic.twitter.com/KDQBSYZjdq

— Evidence-Based Neo (@EBNEO) April 26, 2023

RCT – 2ry analysis | Use of NIPPV, NHFOV post-extubation outperforms NCPAP in neonates with severe respiratory failure or extremely preterm

4 Aug, 2023 | 11:48h | UTC

Effectiveness of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure vs Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation vs Noninvasive High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation as Support After Extubation of Neonates Born Extremely Preterm or With More Severe Respiratory Failure: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

Original Study: Noninvasive High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation vs Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure vs Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation as Postextubation Support for Preterm Neonates in China: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics

Commentary on Twitter

2nd analysis of NASONE trial in @JAMANetworkOpen examines whether NHFOV is superior in reducing the duration of IMV in comparison to NIPPV and NCPAP in infants born < 28 weeks https://t.co/oWqvO4E5QF

2022 NASONE study: https://t.co/1rfZpaIseN #EBNEOalerts #neoEBM #neotwitter pic.twitter.com/w3Au8s62K7

— Evidence-Based Neo (@EBNEO) July 5, 2023

Systematic Review | NIPPV potentially superior to NCPAP in reducing reintubation in extubated preterm neonates

4 Aug, 2023 | 11:46h | UTC

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm neonates after extubation – Cochrane Library

Review | Treatment of pediatric convulsive status epilepticus

4 Aug, 2023 | 11:42h | UTC

Treatment of pediatric convulsive status epilepticus – Frontiers in Neurology

Global prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anemia burden by severity and cause, 1990–2021

3 Aug, 2023 | 13:43h | UTC

Prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anaemia burden by severity and cause, 1990–2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 – The Lancet Haematology

News Release: New study reveals global anemia cases remain persistently high among women and children. Anemia rates decline for men – Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation

Commentary on Twitter

NEW #GBD study by @IHME_UW on the #anaemia burden by severity and cause, 1990–2021?https://t.co/NbiEDSkbGI

Despite a decrease in prevalence, the number of people with anaemia increased globally

In every region females had a higher #anemia YLDs than males pic.twitter.com/oFx4vHRhs1

— The Lancet Haematology (@TheLancetHaem) August 1, 2023

Commentary:

USPSTF issues statement on speech, language disorder screenings for all children up to 5 years – Contemporary Pediatrics

USPSTF: Evidence Lacking for Screening for Speech Delays in Young Children – HealthDay

RCT | Maternal egg intake in early neonatal period does not impact infant egg allergy risk

2 Aug, 2023 | 13:47h | UTC

Effect of Maternal Egg Intake During the Early Neonatal Period and Risk of Infant Egg Allergy at 12 Months Among Breastfeeding Mothers: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

See also: Visual Abstract

RCT | Baricitinib demonstrates efficacy in treatment-resistant juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2 Aug, 2023 | 13:45h | UTC

Baricitinib in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an international, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, withdrawal, efficacy, and safety trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary on Twitter

NEW in @TheLancet—Baricitinib was efficacious with an acceptable safety profile in patients with #juvenile idiopathic #arthritis in a phase 3 withdrawal trialhttps://t.co/vZyXUwBiDZ #JIA

Plus linked Comment: https://t.co/VWofLvL427 pic.twitter.com/MGVoUz4xIv

— The Lancet Rheumatology (@TheLancetRheum) July 10, 2023

AAP Policy Statement | Pediatric organ donation and transplantation: across the care continuum

1 Aug, 2023 | 14:26h | UTC

Pediatric Organ Donation and Transplantation: Across the Care Continuum – Pediatrics

News Release: Policy underscores role of medical home in pediatric organ donation, transplantation – AAP News

Commentary: Pediatric Organ Donation and Transplantation: What Primary Care Providers and Families Should Know – AAP Journal Blog

An ESPGHAN position paper on the diagnosis, management and prevention of cow’s milk allergy

31 Jul, 2023 | 14:28h | UTC

An ESPGHAN position paper on the diagnosis, management and prevention of cow’s milk allergy – Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Systematic Review: Diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination for dislocated hips in infants

ERS statement on protracted bacterial bronchitis in children

Cohort Study | Younger age at hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnosis, male sex among predictors of developing LV systolic dysfunction

Review | Adverse effects of antidepressant medications and their management in children and adolescents

M-A | Absence of evidence for antipsychotics in youth unipolar depression; limited evidence in bipolar depression

Multinational Study | No correlation between Covid-19 and onset of type 1 diabetes in children

A novel comprehensive algorithm for evaluation of pediatric ICU patients with new fever or instability

Do-it-yourself automated insulin delivery: a health-care practitioner user’s guide

Caring for two in the ICU: pharmacologic management of pregnancy-related complications

National UK guidelines for the management of pediatric craniopharyngioma

USPSTF | Reaffirming the importance of folic acid to all women planning to or who could become pregnant to prevent neural tube defects

M-A | Antenatal corticosteroid exposure linked to negative outcomes in term-born infants

Cohort Study | Antenatal corticosteroid exposure associated with increased incidence of pediatric serious infection

M-A | Exploring perinatal interventions and their impact on severe intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates

RCT – 2ry analysis | Use of NIPPV, NHFOV post-extubation outperforms NCPAP in neonates with severe respiratory failure or extremely preterm

Systematic Review | NIPPV potentially superior to NCPAP in reducing reintubation in extubated preterm neonates

Review | Treatment of pediatric convulsive status epilepticus

Global prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anemia burden by severity and cause, 1990–2021

Practice Guidance | Management of febrile neutropenia in immunocompetent children and youth

Systematic Review | Necrotizing enterocolitis onset typically in third week for very preterm, low birthweight infants

USPSTF Draft Statement | Insufficient evidence for screening children under 5 years for speech and language delay

RCT | Maternal egg intake in early neonatal period does not impact infant egg allergy risk

RCT | Baricitinib demonstrates efficacy in treatment-resistant juvenile idiopathic arthritis

AAP Policy Statement | Pediatric organ donation and transplantation: across the care continuum

An ESPGHAN position paper on the diagnosis, management and prevention of cow’s milk allergy

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