Quality Standard: Serious Eye Disorders – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (free)

Related Guideline: Glaucoma: diagnosis and management – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (free)

Incidence of sight‐threatening diabetic retinopathy in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and numbers needed to screen: a systematic review – Diabetic Medicine (free PDF)

Commentary: How often should patients with T2D be screened for retinopathy? – Univadis (free registration required)

Related: Evidence‐based Guidelines for Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy (free)

“This review supports lengthening of the screening interval of patients with Type 2 diabetes without retinopathy at last screening session”

The first ophthalmic Choosing Wisely recommendations in Finland for glaucoma and wet age‐related macular degeneration – Acta Opthalmologica (free)

Evidence‐based Danish guidelines for screening of diabetic retinopathy – Acta Ophthalmologica (free)

“There is solid evidence to support a flexible, individualized screening regimen. In particular, it is possible to prolong screening intervals to 24–48 months for patients with no or mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy”.

Association between sunlight exposure and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis – BMC Ophthalmology (free)

Association between sunlight exposure and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis – BMC Ophthalmology (free)

Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery – Cochrane Library (free)

Summary: Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery – Cochrane Library (free)

Related Perspective: A Preoperative Medical History and Physical Should Not Be a Requirement for All Cataract Patients – Journal of General Internal Medicine (free)

Related Research: Preoperative Medical Testing in Medicare Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery – New England Journal of Medicine (free)

“This review has shown that routine preoperative testing does not increase the safety of cataract surgery.”

Corticosteroids for Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis – BioMed Research International (free)

Update of the evidence based, interdisciplinary guideline for anti-inflammatory treatment of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis – Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism (free)

Updates on managements of pediatric cataract – Journal of Current Ophthalmology (free)

Screening Examination of Premature Infants for Retinopathy of Prematurity – Pediatrics (free)

News Release: AAP, others issue updated recommendations on retinopathy of prematurity – AAP News (free)

Interventions to improve school-based eye-care services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review – Bulletin of the World Health Organization (free)

Prevalence of Falls and Fall‐Related Outcomes in Older Adults with Self‐Reported Vision Impairment – Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (free)

Commentaries: Study: Impaired vision raises risk of falls in older adults – UPI (free) AND Having poor vision can raise risk for falls among older adults – American Geriatrics Society (free)

Clinically applicable deep learning for diagnosis and referral in retinal disease – Nature Medicine (free for a limited period)

Commentaries: Opening the ‘black box,’ Google DeepMind AI system diagnoses eye diseases and shows its work – STAT (free) AND Artificial intelligence tool ‘as good as experts’ at detecting eye problems – The Guardian (free)

Hydroxychloroquine prescription trends and predictors for excess dosing per recent ophthalmology guidelines – Arthritis Research & Therapy (free)

Commentary: Nearly half of female hydroxychloroquine users in UK excess-dosed – Healio (free registration required)

Smartphone-based screening for visual impairment in Kenyan school children: a cluster randomised controlled trial – The Lancet Global Health (free)

Commentaries: Strengthening eye health evidence for children in low-income and middle-income countries – The Lancet Global Health (free) AND App screening boosts children’s eye health – Medical Health News (free)

Association of Cataract Surgery With Traffic Crashes – JAMA Ophthalmology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries: Cataract surgery tied to lower risk of car crashes – Reuters (free) AND Cataract Surgery Tied to Slight Reduction in Car Crashes – Physician’s First Watch (free)

Association of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thinning With Current and Future Cognitive Decline: A Study Using Optical Coherence Tomography – JAMA Neurology (free for a limited period)

Commentaries: Eye Sign of Dementia Risk? Thinning of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer – MedicalResearch.com (free) AND Are the Eyes Windows to Early Dementia? – MedPage Today (free registration required)

“A thinner Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer is associated with worse cognitive function in individuals without a neurodegenerative disease as well as greater likelihood of future cognitive decline”.

2018 Update on Intravitreal Injections: Euretina Expert Consensus Recommendations – Ophthalmologica (free)

Education and myopia: assessing the direction of causality by mendelian randomization – The BMJ (free)

Editorial: Intense schooling linked to myopia (free)

Commentaries: Education and myopia: assessing the direction of causality by mendelian randomization – The BMJ Opinion (free) AND Myopia could be linked to longer periods spent in education – OnMedica (free) AND Highly Educated, Very Nearsighted? – The New York Times (10 articles per month are free)

Screening for impaired vision in community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older in primary care settings – Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (free)

See also: Summary of recommendations for clinicians and policy-makers (free)

Commentaries: Screening for impaired vision in older adults: New Canadian guideline – Canadian Medical Association Journal, via EurekAlert (free) Canadian Guideline Recommends Against Vision Screening of Older Adults in Primary Care Settings – NEJM Physician’s First Watch (free)

A Simple Way to Improve a Billion Lives: Eyeglasses – The New York Times (10 articles per month are free)

“It’s the biggest health crisis you’ve never heard of. Doctors, philanthropists and companies are trying to solve it”.

Uveal Effusion After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy – JAMA Ophthalmology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Ophthalmologists link immunotherapy with a serious eye condition – eCancer News (free)

n−3 Fatty Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease – New England Journal of Medicine (free for a limited period)

Commentaries: Omega-3s From Fish Oil Supplements No Better Than Placebo for Dry Eye – NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI), via NewsWise (free) AND Fish oil capsules don’t help dry eye symptoms, study finds – STAT (free) AND Fish oil supplements ineffective against dry eye – Reuters (free)

Consensus-based recommendations for the management of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the SHARE initiative – Annals of Rheumatic Diseases (free)

Association of Vitamin A Supplementation With Disease Course in Children With Retinitis Pigmentosa – JAMA Ophthalmology (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Vitamin A Slows Progression of Retinitis Pigmentosa in Kids – MedPage Today (free registration required)

Prevalence and causes of vision loss in high-income countries and in Eastern and Central Europe in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections – British Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Commentary: Half of vision impairment in first world is preventable – Cambridge Network (free)

Doctors just used a brand new gene therapy to try to save a child’s vision – VOX (free)

“There is a catch: It costs $850,000”.

Grader Variability and the Importance of Reference Standards for Evaluating Machine Learning Models for Diabetic Retinopathy – Ophthalmology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Google’s AI program: Building better algorithms for detecting eye disease – ScienceDaily (free)

Beta-blockers for prevention and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity – Cochrane Library (free)

Original article: Beta-blockers for prevention and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants – Cochrane Library (free)

ISCEV guide to visual electrodiagnostic procedures – Documenta Ophthalmologica (free)

Vision screening for correctable visual acuity deficits in school-age children and adolescents – Cochrane Library (free)

Prediction of cardiovascular risk factors from retinal fundus photographs via deep learning – Nature Biomedical Engineering (link to abstract – $ for full-text) (via @EricTopol see Very interesting Tweet)

Commentaries: Assessing Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Computer Vision – Google Research Blog (free) AND Google’s new AI algorithm predicts heart disease by looking at your eyes – TheVerge (free) AND Combination of AI, eye images could predict cardiovascular disease – Cardiovascular Business (free) AND It’s All in the Eyes: Google AI Calculates Cardiovascular Risk From Retinal Images – Medium (free)

Retinal Injury Following Laser Pointer Exposure: A Systematic Review and Case Series – Deutsches Ärzteblatt international (free)

Commentary: Retinal injury caused by laser pointers – ScienceDaily (free)

Age-related macular degeneration – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (free)

Excerpt from the Canadian Ophthalmological Society evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the management of diabetic retinopathy – Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Commentary in: Clinical Practice Guidelines, December 2017 – Medscape (free registration required)

Pediatric Sports- and Recreation-Related Eye Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments – Pediatrics (free)

Commentaries: Air gun eye injuries rise 169% among kids, study finds – CNN (free) AND Nonpowder gun-related pediatric eye injuries on the rise – 2 Minute Medicine (free) AND More kids getting eye injuries from paintball and pellet guns – Reuters (free)

Spark to charge $850,000 per patient for blindness gene therapy – Reuters (free) AND US drug firm offers cure for blindness – at $425,000 an eye – The Guardian (free) AND Spark prices its gene therapy as most expensive U.S. medicine — but with plans to ease cost concerns – STAT (free)

Prevention of Age-Related Macular Degeneration – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

Update on the Use of Anti-VEGF Intravitreal Therapies for Retinal Vein Occlusion – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

Anti-VEGF Therapy for Diabetic Eye Diseases – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

Anti-VEGF Therapy for Neovascular AMD and Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

New Treatment Modalities for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

Updates on the Epidemiology of Age-Related Macular Degeneration – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

The Role of New Imaging Methods in Managing Age-Related Macular Degeneration – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

New Treatment Modalities for Geographic Atrophy – The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (free PDF)

Systematic approaches for reviewing neuro-imaging scans in ophthalmology – Digital Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Recent advances in corneal collagen cross-linking – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Update on conjunctival pathology – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Intraocular lens calculations in atypical eyes – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Review of manual small-incision cataract surgery – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Optimizing outcomes with multifocal intraocular lenses – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Optimizing outcomes with toric intraocular lenses – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Reviewing the visual benefits of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: Can we improve our outcomes? – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Pediatric cataract – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Cataract surgery in small pupils – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Decision-making and management of uveitic cataract – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Managing the posterior polar cataract: An update – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Posterior capsular rent: Prevention and management – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Glued intrascleral haptic fixation of an intraocular lens – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Corneal edema after phacoemulsification – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Prevention and management of postoperative endophthalmitis: A case-based approach – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Antibiotic prophylaxis in cataract surgery – An evidence-based approach – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Artificial Intelligence Promising for CA, Retinopathy Diagnoses – Physician’s Weekly (free)

Original Article 1: Diagnostic Assessment of Deep Learning Algorithms for Detection of Lymph Node Metastases in Women With Breast Cancer – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text) AND Commentary: Findings Show Potential Use of Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Spread of Breast Cancer – The JAMA Network (free)

Original Article 2: Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System for Diabetic Retinopathy and Related Eye Diseases Using Retinal Images From Multiethnic Populations With Diabetes – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text) AND Commentary: Artificial Intelligence Detects Diabetic Retinopathy and Related Eye Diseases among Patients with Diabetes – The JAMA Network (free)

Ophthalmic manifestations of endocrine disorders—endocrinology and the eye – Translational Pediatrics (free)

The Royal College of Ophthalmologists guidelines on serum eye drops for the treatment of severe ocular surface disease: full report (free)

See also: Executive Summary (free)

Checar link

Glaucoma: diagnosis and management – NICE Guideline (free)

News release: People at a low risk of developing glaucoma can avoid unnecessary referral, says NICE (free)

NICE Guideline: Cataracts in adults: management (free)

News release: Take a patient-centred approach to treating cataracts, says NICE (free)

Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990–2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis – The Lancet Global Health (free)

Invited commentary: Global causes of vision loss in 2015: are we on track to achieve the Vision 2020 target? (free)

Related study: Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis – The Lancet Global Health (free) AND Invited Commentary: Universal eye health: are we getting closer? (free)

Ophthalmic manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A review – World Journal of Gastroenterology (free)

Cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome: current updates – Clinical Ophthalmology (free)

Component corneal surgery: An update – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

The British Society for Rheumatology guideline for the management of adults with primary Sjögren’s Syndrome – Rheumatology (free)

See also: Guideline Summary (free)

Commentary: Guidelines for treatment of primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a first useful stone but still much to do – Rheumatology (free)

Association of Vision Loss With Cognition in Older Adults – JAMA Ophthalmology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries: Vision and Hearing Loss Are Tied to Cognitive Decline – The New York Times (10 articles per month are free) AND Visual impairment among older adults associated with poor cognitive function – Medical News Today (free)

Glaucoma and intraocular pressure in EPIC-Norfolk Eye Study: cross sectional study – The BMJ (free)

Cysticercosis of the eye – International Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Intraocular lymphoma – International Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Retinopathy of prematurity: inflammation, choroidal degeneration, and novel promising therapeutic strategies – Journal of Neuroinflammation (free)

Recent developments in age-related macular degeneration: a review – Clinical Interventions in Aging (free)

Vision Screening in Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement – JAMA (free)

USPSTF Recommendation Summary: Vision in Children Ages 6 Months to 5 Years: Screening (free)

Editorials: The 2017 US Preventive Services Task Force Report on Preschool Vision Screening – JAMA Ophthalmology (free) AND Vision Screening in Very Young Children—Making Sense of an Inexorable Diagnostic Process – JAMA Pediatrics (free)

Author interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Vision Screening in Children (free audio)

News release: Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to slow down the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) – Cochrane Library (free)

Related news release: Taking vitamin supplements may slow down the progression of a common eye disease – Cochrane Library (free)

Original articles: Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration – Cochrane Library (link to abstract – $ for full-text) AND Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration – Cochrane Library (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Antioxidants No Help for Age-Related Macular Degeneration – MedPage Today (free registration required)

Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis – The Lancet Global Health (free)

Invited commentary: Universal eye health: are we getting closer? (free)

“Blindness is set to rise at an alarming rate reaching 115 million by 2050” (RT @UniMelbMDHS see Tweet)

Review: Endophthalmitis – Korean Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Review: An update on the use of biologic therapies in the management of uveitis in Behçet’s disease: a comprehensive review – Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases (free)

Retrospective analysis of newly recorded certifications of visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy in Wales during 2007–2015 – BMJ Open (free)

Commentaries: Diabetic sight loss cut by screening, research shows – BBC (free) AND Eye screening linked to fall in sight loss in people with diabetes – NHS Choices (free)

Diabetic retinopathy: current understanding, mechanisms, and treatment strategies – JCI Insight (free)

“It affects 100 M people WW, but under-diagnosed/treated: excellent review of diabetes retinopathy” (RT @EricTopol see Tweet)

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study – American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Patients with Type 2 diabetes and OSA found to be at greater risk of developing diabetic retinopathy – News Medical (free)

Review: Neonatal Retinoblastoma – Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing (free)

Screening Criteria for Ophthalmic Manifestations of Congenital Zika Virus Infection – JAMA Pediatrics (free)

Commentaries: Zika: Check All Potentially Exposed Infants for Eye Damage – Medscape (free registration required) AND Which Infants Exposed to Zika Virus Infection in Pregnancy Should Have Eyes Examined? – The JAMA Network (free)

“All infants with potential Zika virus exposure should have ophthalmic screening regardless of other abnormalities” (RT @PreetiNMalani see Tweet)

Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Consensus Guideline of the Working Group of Ocular Health (Spanish Society of Diabetes and Spanish Vitreous and Retina Society) – Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

Clinical Review: Differential diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders – Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders (free)

The Finnish national guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with wet age related macular degeneration – Acta Ophthalmologica (free)

Review: Orbital retinoblastoma: An update – Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (free)

The End of Human Doctors – The Bleeding Edge of Medical AI Research (Part 1) – By Luke Oakden-Rayner (RT @pash22 see Tweet)

Original article: Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Photographs – JAMA (free)

See more on the impact of artificial intelligence in healthcare in our April 28^th issue, see #1, and in our April 10^th issue, see #8

The End of Human Doctors – The Bleeding Edge of Medical AI Research (Part 2) – By Luke Oakden-Rayner (RT @pash22 see Tweet)

Original article: Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks – Nature (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

See more on the impact of artificial intelligence in healthcare in our April 28^th issue, see #1, and in our April 10^th issue, see #8

European Glaucoma Society Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 4th Edition – Part 1 (free)

European Glaucoma Society Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 4th Edition – Chapter 2: Classification and terminology (free)

European Glaucoma Society Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 4th Edition – Chapter 3: Treatment principles and options (free)

Automated Identification of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Deep Learning – Ophthalmology (free)

Source: Artificial Intelligence Shows Potential to Fight Blindness – NewsWise (free)

Related article: Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Photographs – JAMA (link to abstract -$ for full-text)

Another study showing an artificial intelligence-based algorithm can be used with high reliability to screen for diabetic retinopathy, with cases referred to an ophthalmologist for further evaluation and treatment.

See more about how doctors might be affected by artificial intelligence in our April 10 issue, see #8.

Frequency of Evidence-Based Screening for Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

See also: Researchers Propose Extending Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Interval – Physician’s First Watch (free) AND Research from long-term study advocates individualized eye screenings in type 1 diabetes – Diabetes.co.uk (free)

In patients who have had type 1 diabetes for 5 years, annual retinal examinations are currently recommended. Based on their findings, the authors suggest an individualized screening schedule, with less frequent screening for patients at low risk and more frequent screening for patients at higher risk, leading to decreased cost without delaying the diagnosis of clinically significant disease.

Here’s why one tech investor thinks some doctors will be ‘obsolete’ in five years – CNBC (free) (RT @CMichaelGibson)

According to this point of view, radiologists will be the first ones that are affected by Artificial Intelligence. As we can see below, other specialists that work by interpreting medical images may follow, like dermatologists, ophthalmologists and pathologists.

See also: If You Look at X-Rays or Moles for a Living, AI Is Coming for Your Job – Wired (free) AND Adapting to Artificial Intelligence: Radiologists and Pathologists as Information Specialists – JAMA Viewpoint (free – and legal – PDF found with Unpaywall) AND Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Photographs – JAMA Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ required for full-text) AND Predicting non-small cell lung cancer prognosis by fully automated microscopic pathology image features – Nature(free) see commentary in Computers trounce pathologists in predicting lung cancer type, severity, researchers find – Science News (free)

ACR Appropriateness Criteria Adds Topics, Covers More Clinical Variants Than Ever Before (free)

Browse Appropriateness Criteria Topics (free)

Source: Newswise

This comprehensive guide from American College of Radiology (ACR) covers 230 topics with more than 1,100 clinical indications and has just been updated. It is a very useful resource for doctors in all specialties to guide which exam is most appropriate in each clinical situation.

Implementation and Evaluation of a Large-Scale Teleretinal Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services – JAMA Internal Medicine (free) (RT @PreetiNMalani)

Editorial: Seeing the Effect of Health Care Delivery Innovation in the Safety Net (free)

A large-scale telemedicine diabetic retinopathy screening program increased overall rates of screening by 16.3%, and wait times for screening were reduced by 89.2%.